NAME
tr - translate or delete characters
SYNOPSIS
tr [OPTION]... STRING1 [STRING2]
DESCRIPTION
Translate,
squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input,
writing to standard output. STRING1 and STRING2 specify
arrays of characters ARRAY1 and ARRAY2 that control the
action.
-c, -C, --complement
use the complement of ARRAY1
-d, --delete
delete characters in ARRAY1, do not translate
-s, --squeeze-repeats
replace each sequence of a repeated character that is listed in the last specified ARRAY, with a single occurrence of that character
-t, --truncate-set1
first truncate ARRAY1 to length of ARRAY2
--help |
display this help and exit |
--version
output version information and exit
ARRAYs are specified as strings of characters. Most represent themselves. Interpreted sequences are:
\NNN |
character with octal value NNN (1 to 3 octal digits) | ||
\\ |
backslash | ||
\a |
audible BEL | ||
\b |
backspace | ||
\f |
form feed | ||
\n |
new line | ||
\r |
return | ||
\t |
horizontal tab | ||
\v |
vertical tab |
CHAR1-CHAR2
all characters from CHAR1 to CHAR2 in ascending order
[CHAR*]
in ARRAY2, copies of CHAR until length of ARRAY1
[CHAR*REPEAT]
REPEAT copies of CHAR, REPEAT octal if starting with 0
[:alnum:]
all letters and digits
[:alpha:]
all letters
[:blank:]
all horizontal whitespace
[:cntrl:]
all control characters
[:digit:]
all digits
[:graph:]
all printable characters, not including space
[:lower:]
all lower case letters
[:print:]
all printable characters, including space
[:punct:]
all punctuation characters
[:space:]
all horizontal or vertical whitespace
[:upper:]
all upper case letters
[:xdigit:]
all hexadecimal digits
[=CHAR=]
all characters which are equivalent to CHAR
Translation occurs if -d is not given and both STRING1 and STRING2 appear. -t is only significant when translating. ARRAY2 is extended to length of ARRAY1 by repeating its last character as necessary. Excess characters of ARRAY2 are ignored. Character classes expand in unspecified order; while translating, [:lower:] and [:upper:] may be used in pairs to specify case conversion. Squeezing occurs after translation or deletion.
BUGS
Full support is available only for safe single-byte locales, in which every possible input byte represents a single character. The C locale is safe in GNU systems, so you can avoid this issue in the shell by running LC_ALL=C tr instead of plain tr.
AUTHOR
Written by Jim Meyering.
REPORTING BUGS
GNU coreutils
online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Report any translation bugs to
<https://translationproject.org/team/>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright
© 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+:
GNU GPL version 3 or later
<https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and
redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by law.
SEE ALSO
Full
documentation
<https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/tr>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) tr
invocation'