Manpages

-a

Conserve memory by making three passes over the .dvi file instead of two and only loading those characters actually used. Generally only useful on machines with a very limited amount of memory, like some PCs.

-A

Print only odd pages (TeX pages, not sequence pages).

-b num

Generate num copies of each page, but duplicating the page body rather than using the #numcopies option. This can be useful in conjunction with a header file setting \bop-hook to do color separations or other neat tricks.

-B

Print only even pages (TeX pages, not sequence pages).

-c num

Generate num copies of every page. Default is 1. (For collated copies, see the -C option below.)

-C num

Create num copies, but collated (by replicating the data in the PostScript file). Slower than the -c option, but easier on the hands, and faster than resubmitting the same PostScript file multiple times.

-d num

Set the debug flags. This is intended only for emergencies or for unusual fact-finding expeditions; it will work only if dvips has been compiled with the DEBUG option. If nonzero, prints additional information on standard error. For maximum information, you can use ’-1’. See the Dvips Texinfo manual for more details.

-D num

Set the resolution in dpi (dots per inch) to num. This affects the choice of bitmap fonts that are loaded and also the positioning of letters in resident PostScript fonts. Must be between 10 and 10000. This affects both the horizontal and vertical resolution. If a high resolution (something greater than 400 dpi, say) is selected, the -Z flag should probably also be used.

-e num

Make sure that each character is placed at most this many pixels from its ’true’ resolution-independent position on the page. The default value of this parameter is resolution dependent. Allowing individual characters to ’drift’ from their correctly rounded positions by a few pixels, while regaining the true position at the beginning of each new word, improves the spacing of letters in words.

-E

makes dvips attempt to generate an EPSF file with a tight bounding box. This only works on one-page files, and it only looks at marks made by characters and rules, not by any included graphics. In addition, it gets the glyph metrics from the tfm file, so characters that lie outside their enclosing tfm box may confuse it. In addition, the bounding box might be a bit too loose if the character glyph has significant left or right side bearings. Nonetheless, this option works well for creating small EPSF files for equations or tables or the like. (Note, of course, that dvips output is resolution dependent and thus does not make very good EPSF files, especially if the images are to be scaled; use these EPSF files with a great deal of care.)

-f

Run as a filter. Read the .dvi file from standard input and write the PostScript to standard output. The standard input must be seekable, so it cannot be a pipe. If you must use a pipe, write a shell script that copies the pipe output to a temporary file and then points dvips at this file. This option also disables the automatic reading of the PRINTER environment variable, and turns off the automatic sending of control D if it was turned on with the -F option or in the configuration file; use -F after this option if you want both.

-F

Causes Control-D (ASCII code 4) to be appended as the very last character of the PostScript file. This is useful when dvips is driving the printer directly instead of working through a spooler, as is common on extremely small systems. NOTE! DO NOT USE THIS OPTION!

-G

Causes dvips to shift non-printing characters to higher-numbered positions. This may be useful sometimes.

-i

Make each section be a separate file. Under certain circumstances, dvips will split the document up into ’sections’ to be processed independently; this is most often done for memory reasons. Using this option tells dvips to place each section into a separate file; the new file names are created replacing the suffix of the supplied output file name by a three-digit sequence number. This option is most often used in conjunction with the -S option which sets the maximum section length in pages. For instance, some phototypesetters cannot print more than ten or so consecutive pages before running out of steam; these options can be used to automatically split a book into ten-page sections, each to its own file.

-j

Download only needed characters from Type 1 fonts. This is the default in the current release. Some debugging flags trace this operation. You can also control partial downloading on a per-font basis, via the psfonts.map file.

-k

Print crop marks. This option increases the paper size (which should be specified, either with a paper size special or with the -T option) by a half inch in each dimension. It translates each page by a quarter inch and draws cross-style crop marks. It is mostly useful with typesetters that can set the page size automatically.

-K

This option causes comments in included PostScript graphics, font files, and headers to be removed. This is sometimes necessary to get around bugs in spoolers or PostScript post-processing programs. Specifically, the %%Page comments, when left in, often cause difficulties. Use of this flag can cause some included graphics to fail, since the PostScript header macros from some software packages read portions of the input stream line by line, searching for a particular comment. This option has been turned off by default because PostScript previewers and spoolers have been getting better.

-l num

The last page printed will be the first one numbered num Default is the last page in the document. If the num is prefixed by an equals sign, then it (and any argument to the -p option) is treated as a sequence number, rather than a value to compare with \count0 values. Thus, using -l =9 will end with the ninth page of the document, no matter what the pages are actually numbered. On the other hand, if num is suffixed by ’.SEQ’, the SEQth occurrence of num is used; for example, -l 99.2 says to end processing with the second page numbered 99 in the document.

-m

Specify manual feed for printer.

-M

Turns off the automatic font generation facility. If any fonts are missing, commands to generate the fonts are appended to the file missfont.log in the current directory; this file can then be executed and deleted to create the missing fonts.

-n num

At most num pages will be printed. Default is 100000.

-N

Turns off structured comments; this might be necessary on some systems that try to interpret PostScript comments in weird ways, or on some PostScript printers. Old versions of TranScript in particular cannot handle modern Encapsulated PostScript.

-p num

Just like -l but for the first page in the document.

-q

Run in quiet mode. Don’t chatter about pages converted, etc.; report nothing but errors to standard error.

-r

Stack pages in reverse order. Normally, page 1 will be printed first.

-s

Causes the entire global output to be enclosed in a save/restore pair. This causes the file to not be truly conformant, and is thus not recommended, but is useful if you are driving the printer directly and don’t care too much about the portability of the output.

-S num

Set the maximum number of pages in each ’section’. This option is most commonly used with the -i option; see that documentation above for more information.

-U

Disable a PostScript virtual memory saving optimization that stores the character metric information in the same string that is used to store the bitmap information. This is only necessary when driving the Xerox 4045 PostScript interpreter. It is caused by a bug in that interpreter that results in ’garbage’ on the bottom of each character. Not recommended unless you must drive this printer.

-v

Print the dvips version number and exit.

-V

Download non-resident PostScript fonts as bitmaps. This requires use of ’gsftopk’ or ’pstopk’ or some other such program(s) in order to generate the required bitmap fonts; these programs are supplied with dvips.

-x num

Set the magnification ratio to num/1000. Overrides the magnification specified in the .dvi file. Must be between 10 and 100000. Instead of an integer, num may be a real number for increased precision.

-X num

Set the horizontal resolution in dots per inch to num.

-y num

Set the magnification ratio to num/1000 times the magnification specified in the .dvi file. See -x above.

-Y num

Set the vertical resolution in dots per inch to num.

-z

Pass html hyperdvi specials through to the output for eventual distillation into PDF. This is not enabled by default to avoid including the header files unnecessarily, and use of temporary files in creating the output.

-Z

Causes bitmapped fonts to be compressed before they are downloaded, thereby reducing the size of the PostScript font-downloading information. Especially useful at high resolutions or when very large fonts are used. Will slow down printing somewhat, especially on early 68000-based PostScript printers.