Manpages

NAME

vtep-ctl - utility for querying and configuring a VTEP database

SYNOPSIS

vtep-ctl [options] -- [options] command [args] [-- [options] command [args]]...

DESCRIPTION

The vtep-ctl program configures a VTEP database. See vtep(5) for comprehensive documentation of the database schema.

vtep-ctl connects to an ovsdb-server process that maintains a VTEP configuration database. Using this connection, it queries and possibly applies changes to the database, depending on the supplied commands.

vtep-ctl can perform any number of commands in a single run, implemented as a single atomic transaction against the database.

The vtep-ctl command line begins with global options (see OPTIONS below for details). The global options are followed by one or more commands. Each command should begin with -- by itself as a command-line argument, to separate it from the following commands. (The -- before the first command is optional.) The command itself starts with command-specific options, if any, followed by the command name and any arguments. See EXAMPLES below for syntax examples.

OPTIONS

The following options affect the behavior vtep-ctl as a whole. Some individual commands also accept their own options, which are given just before the command name. If the first command on the command line has options, then those options must be separated from the global options by --.
--db=server

Sets server as the database server that vtep-ctl contacts to query or modify configuration. server may be an OVSDB active or passive connection method, as described in ovsdb(7). The default is unix:/var/run/openvswitch/db.sock.

--no-syslog

By default, vtep-ctl logs its arguments and the details of any changes that it makes to the system log. This option disables this logging.

This option is equivalent to --verbose=vtep_ctl:syslog:warn.

--oneline

Modifies the output format so that the output for each command is printed on a single line. New-line characters that would otherwise separate lines are printed as \n, and any instances of \ that would otherwise appear in the output are doubled. Prints a blank line for each command that has no output. This option does not affect the formatting of output from the list or find commands; see Table Formatting Options below.

--dry-run

Prevents vtep-ctl from actually modifying the database.

-t secs
--timeout=secs

By default, or with a secs of 0, vtep-ctl waits forever for a response from the database. This option limits runtime to approximately secs seconds. If the timeout expires, vtep-ctl will exit with a SIGALRM signal. (A timeout would normally happen only if the database cannot be contacted, or if the system is overloaded.)

Table Formatting Options
These options control the format of output from the list and find commands.
-f format
--format=format

Sets the type of table formatting. The following types of format are available:

list (default)

A list with one column per line and rows separated by a blank line.

caption

The table’s caption. This member is omitted if the table has no caption.

headings

An array with one element per table column. Each array element is a string giving the corresponding column’s heading.

-d format
--data=format

Sets the formatting for cells within output tables unless the table format is set to json, in which case json formatting is always used when formatting cells. The following types of format are available:
string (default)

The simple format described in the Database Values section of ovs-vsctl(8).

--no-headings

This option suppresses the heading row that otherwise appears in the first row of table output.

--pretty

By default, JSON in output is printed as compactly as possible. This option causes JSON in output to be printed in a more readable fashion. Members of objects and elements of arrays are printed one per line, with indentation.

This option does not affect JSON in tables, which is always printed compactly.

--max-column-width=n

For table output only, limits the width of any column in the output to n columns. Longer cell data is truncated to fit, as necessary. Columns are always wide enough to display the column names, if the heading row is printed.

Public Key Infrastructure Options
-p privkey.pem
--private-key=privkey.pem

Specifies a PEM file containing the private key used as vtep-ctl’s identity for outgoing SSL connections.

-c cert.pem
--certificate=cert.pem

Specifies a PEM file containing a certificate that certifies the private key specified on -p or --private-key to be trustworthy. The certificate must be signed by the certificate authority (CA) that the peer in SSL connections will use to verify it.

-C cacert.pem
--ca-cert=cacert.pem

Specifies a PEM file containing the CA certificate that vtep-ctl should use to verify certificates presented to it by SSL peers. (This may be the same certificate that SSL peers use to verify the certificate specified on -c or --certificate, or it may be a different one, depending on the PKI design in use.)

-C none
--ca-cert=none

Disables verification of certificates presented by SSL peers. This introduces a security risk, because it means that certificates cannot be verified to be those of known trusted hosts.

--bootstrap-ca-cert=cacert.pem

When cacert.pem exists, this option has the same effect as -C or --ca-cert. If it does not exist, then vtep-ctl will attempt to obtain the CA certificate from the SSL peer on its first SSL connection and save it to the named PEM file. If it is successful, it will immediately drop the connection and reconnect, and from then on all SSL connections must be authenticated by a certificate signed by the CA certificate thus obtained.

This option exposes the SSL connection to a man-in-the-middle attack obtaining the initial CA certificate, but it may be useful for bootstrapping.

This option is only useful if the SSL peer sends its CA certificate as part of the SSL certificate chain. The SSL protocol does not require the server to send the CA certificate.

This option is mutually exclusive with -C and --ca-cert.

--peer-ca-cert=peer-cacert.pem

Specifies a PEM file that contains one or more additional certificates to send to SSL peers. peer-cacert.pem should be the CA certificate used to sign vtep-ctl’s own certificate, that is, the certificate specified on -c or --certificate. If vtep-ctl’s certificate is self-signed, then --certificate and --peer-ca-cert should specify the same file.

This option is not useful in normal operation, because the SSL peer must already have the CA certificate for the peer to have any confidence in vtep-ctl’s identity. However, this offers a way for a new installation to bootstrap the CA certificate on its first SSL connection.

-v[spec]
--verbose=[spec]

Sets logging levels. Without any spec, sets the log level for every module and destination to dbg. Otherwise, spec is a list of words separated by spaces or commas or colons, up to one from each category below:

On Windows platform, syslog is accepted as a word and is only useful along with the --syslog-target option (the word has no effect otherwise).

Case is not significant within spec.

Regardless of the log levels set for file, logging to a file will not take place unless --log-file is also specified (see below).

For compatibility with older versions of OVS, any is accepted as a word but has no effect.

--verbose

Sets the maximum logging verbosity level, equivalent to --verbose=dbg.

-vPATTERN:destination:pattern
--verbose=PATTERN:destination:pattern

Sets the log pattern for destination to pattern. Refer to ovs-appctl(8) for a description of the valid syntax for pattern.

-vFACILITY:facility
--verbose=FACILITY:facility

Sets the RFC5424 facility of the log message. facility can be one of kern, user, mail, daemon, auth, syslog, lpr, news, uucp, clock, ftp, ntp, audit, alert, clock2, local0, local1, local2, local3, local4, local5, local6 or local7. If this option is not specified, daemon is used as the default for the local system syslog and local0 is used while sending a message to the target provided via the --syslog-target option.

--log-file[=file]

Enables logging to a file. If file is specified, then it is used as the exact name for the log file. The default log file name used if file is omitted is /var/log/openvswitch/vtep-ctl.log.

--syslog-target=host:port

Send syslog messages to UDP port on host, in addition to the system syslog. The host must be a numerical IP address, not a hostname.

--syslog-method=method

Specify method how syslog messages should be sent to syslog daemon. Following forms are supported:

The default is taken from the OVS_SYSLOG_METHOD environment variable; if it is unset, the default is libc.

--version

Prints version information to the console.

COMMANDS

The commands implemented by vtep-ctl are described in the sections below.

Physical Switch Commands
These commands examine and manipulate physical switches.
[--may-exist] add-ps pswitch

Creates a new physical switch named pswitch. Initially the switch will have no ports.

Without --may-exist, attempting to create a switch that exists is an error. With --may-exist, this command does nothing if pswitch already exists.

[--if-exists] del-ps pswitch

Deletes pswitch and all of its ports.

Without --if-exists, attempting to delete a switch that does not exist is an error. With --if-exists, attempting to delete a switch that does not exist has no effect.

list-ps

Lists all existing physical switches on standard output, one per line.

ps-exists pswitch

Tests whether pswitch exists. If so, vtep-ctl exits successfully with exit code 0. If not, vtep-ctl exits unsuccessfully with exit code 2.

Port Commands
These commands examine and manipulate VTEP physical ports.
list-ports pswitch

Lists all of the ports within pswitch on standard output, one per line.

[--may-exist] add-port pswitch port

Creates on pswitch a new port named port from the network device of the same name.

Without --may-exist, attempting to create a port that exists is an error. With --may-exist, this command does nothing if port already exists on pswitch.

[--if-exists] del-port [pswitch] port

Deletes port. If pswitch is omitted, port is removed from whatever switch contains it; if pswitch is specified, it must be the switch that contains port.

Without --if-exists, attempting to delete a port that does not exist is an error. With --if-exists, attempting to delete a port that does not exist has no effect.

Logical Switch Commands
These commands examine and manipulate logical switches.
[--may-exist] add-ls lswitch

Creates a new logical switch named lswitch. Initially the switch will have no locator bindings.

Without --may-exist, attempting to create a switch that exists is an error. With --may-exist, this command does nothing if lswitch already exists.

[--if-exists] del-ls lswitch

Deletes lswitch.

Without --if-exists, attempting to delete a switch that does not exist is an error. With --if-exists, attempting to delete a switch that does not exist has no effect.

list-ls

Lists all existing logical switches on standard output, one per line.

ls-exists lswitch

Tests whether lswitch exists. If so, vtep-ctl exits successfully with exit code 0. If not, vtep-ctl exits unsuccessfully with exit code 2.

bind-ls pswitch port vlan lswitch

Bind logical switch lswitch to the port/vlan combination on the physical switch pswitch.

unbind-ls pswitch port vlan

Remove the logical switch binding from the port/vlan combination on the physical switch pswitch.

list-bindings pswitch port

List the logical switch bindings for port on the physical switch pswitch.

set-replication-mode lswitch replication-mode

Set logical switch lswitch replication mode to replication-mode; the only valid values for replication mode are "service_node" and "source_node". For handling L2 broadcast, multicast and unknown unicast traffic, packets can be sent to all members of a logical switch referenced by a physical switch. There are different modes to replicate the packets. The default mode of replication is to send the traffic to a service node, which can be a hypervisor, server or appliance, and let the service node handle replication to other transport nodes (hypervisors or other VTEP physical switches). This mode is called service node replication. An alternate mode of replication, called source node replication involves the source node sending to all other transport nodes. Hypervisors are always responsible for doing their own replication for locally attached VMs in both modes. Service node mode is the default, if the replication mode is not explicitly set. Service node replication mode is considered a basic requirement because it only requires sending the packet to a single transport node.

get-replication-mode lswitch

Get logical switch lswitch replication mode. The only valid values for replication mode are "service_node" and "source_node". An empty reply for replication mode implies a default of "service_node".

Logical Router Commands
These commands examine and manipulate logical routers.
[--may-exist] add-lr lrouter

Creates a new logical router named lrouter.

Without --may-exist, attempting to create a router that exists is an error. With --may-exist, this command does nothing if lrouter already exists.

[--if-exists] del-lr lrouter

Deletes lrouter.

Without --if-exists, attempting to delete a router that does not exist is an error. With --if-exists, attempting to delete a router that does not exist has no effect.

list-lr

Lists all existing logical routers on standard output, one per line.

lr-exists lrouter

Tests whether lrouter exists. If so, vtep-ctl exits successfully with exit code 0. If not, vtep-ctl exits unsuccessfully with exit code 2.

Local MAC Binding Commands
These commands examine and manipulate local MAC bindings for the logical switch. The local maps are written by the VTEP to refer to MACs it has learned on its physical ports.
add-ucast-local lswitch mac [encap] ip

Map the unicast Ethernet address mac to the physical location ip using encapsulation encap on lswitch. If encap is not specified, the default is "vxlan_over_ipv4". The local mappings are used by the VTEP to refer to MACs learned on its physical ports.

del-ucast-local lswitch mac

Remove the local unicast Ethernet address mac map from lswitch. The local mappings are used by the VTEP to refer to MACs learned on its physical ports.

add-mcast-local lswitch mac [encap] ip

Add physical location ip using encapsulation encap to the local mac binding table for multicast Ethernet address mac on lswitch. If encap is not specified, the default is "vxlan_over_ipv4". The local mappings are used by the VTEP to refer to MACs learned on its physical ports.

del-mcast-local lswitch mac [encap] ip

Remove physical location ip using encapsulation encap from the local mac binding table for multicast Ethernet address mac on lswitch. If encap is not specified, the default is "vxlan_over_ipv4". The local mappings are used by the VTEP to refer to MACs learned on its physical ports.

clear-local-macs lswitch

Clear the local MAC bindings for lswitch.

list-local-macs lswitch

List the local MAC bindings for lswitch, one per line.

Remote MAC Binding Commands
These commands examine and manipulate local and remote MAC bindings for the logical switch. The remote maps are written by the network virtualization controller to refer to MACs that it has learned.
add-ucast-remote lswitch mac [encap] ip

Map the unicast Ethernet address mac to the physical location ip using encapsulation encap on lswitch. If encap is not specified, the default is "vxlan_over_ipv4". The remote mappings are used by the network virtualization platform to refer to MACs that it has learned.

del-ucast-remote lswitch mac

Remove the remote unicast Ethernet address mac map from lswitch. The remote mappings are used by the network virtualization platform to refer to MACs that it has learned.

add-mcast-remote lswitch mac [encap] ip

Add physical location ip using encapsulation encap to the remote mac binding table for multicast Ethernet address mac on lswitch. If encap is not specified, the default is "vxlan_over_ipv4". The remote mappings are used by the network virtualization platform to refer to MACs that it has learned.

del-mcast-remote lswitch mac [encap] ip

Remove physical location ip using encapsulation encap from the remote mac binding table for multicast Ethernet address mac on lswitch. If encap is not specified, the default is "vxlan_over_ipv4". The remote mappings are used by the network virtualization platform to refer to MACs that it has learned.

clear-remote-macs lswitch

Clear the remote MAC bindings for lswitch.

list-remote-macs lswitch

List the remote MAC bindings for lswitch, one per line.

Manager Connectivity
These commands manipulate the managers column in the Global table and rows in the Managers table. When ovsdb-server is configured to use the managers column for OVSDB connections (as described in the startup scripts provided with Open vSwitch), this allows the administrator to use vtep-ctl to configure database connections.
get-manager

Prints the configured manager(s).

del-manager

Deletes the configured manager(s).

set-manager target...

Sets the configured manager target or targets. Each target may be an OVSDB active or passive connection method, e.g. pssl:6640, as described in ovsdb(7).

Database Commands
These commands query and modify the contents of ovsdb tables. They are a slight abstraction of the ovsdb interface and as such they operate at a lower level than other vtep-ctl commands.

Identifying Tables, Records, and Columns

Each of these commands has a table parameter to identify a table within the database. Many of them also take a record parameter that identifies a particular record within a table. The record parameter may be the UUID for a record, and many tables offer additional ways to identify records. Some commands also take column parameters that identify a particular field within the records in a table.

The following tables are currently defined:

Manager

Configuration for an OVSDB connection. Records may be identified by target (e.g. tcp:1.2.3.4).

Physical_Switch

A physical switch that implements a VTEP. Records may be identified by physical switch name.

Physical_Port

A port within a physical switch.

Logical_Binding_Stats

Reports statistics for the logical switch with which a VLAN on a physical port is associated.

Logical_Switch

A logical Ethernet switch. Records may be identified by logical switch name.

Ucast_Macs_Local

Mapping of locally discovered unicast MAC addresses to tunnels.

Ucast_Macs_Remote

Mapping of remotely programmed unicast MAC addresses to tunnels.

Mcast_Macs_Local

Mapping of locally discovered multicast MAC addresses to tunnels.

Mcast_Macs_Remote

Mapping of remotely programmed multicast MAC addresses to tunnels.

Physical_Locator_Set

A set of one or more physical locators.

Physical_Locator

Identifies an endpoint to which logical switch traffic may be encapsulated and forwarded. Records may be identified by physical locator name.

Record names must be specified in full and with correct capitalization, except that UUIDs may be abbreviated to their first 4 (or more) hex digits, as long as that is unique within the table. Names of tables and columns are not case-sensitive, and - and _ are treated interchangeably. Unique abbreviations of table and column names are acceptable, e.g. man or m is sufficient to identify the Manager table.

Database Values

Each column in the database accepts a fixed type of data. The currently defined basic types, and their representations, are:
integer

A decimal integer in the range -2**63 to 2**63-1, inclusive.

Boolean

True or false, written true or false, respectively.

Multiple values in a single column may be separated by spaces or a single comma. When multiple values are present, duplicates are not allowed, and order is not important. Conversely, some database columns can have an empty set of values, represented as [], and square brackets may optionally enclose other non-empty sets or single values as well. For a column accepting a set of integers, database commands accept a range. A range is represented by two integers separated by -. A range is inclusive. A range has a maximum size of 4096 elements. If more elements are needed, they can be specified in separate ranges.

A few database columns are ’’maps’’ of key-value pairs, where the key and the value are each some fixed database type. These are specified in the form key=value, where key and value follow the syntax for the column’s key type and value type, respectively. When multiple pairs are present (separated by spaces or a comma), duplicate keys are not allowed, and again the order is not important. Duplicate values are allowed. An empty map is represented as {}. Curly braces may optionally enclose non-empty maps as well (but use quotes to prevent the shell from expanding other-config={0=x,1=y} into other-config=0=x other-config=1=y, which may not have the desired effect).

Database Command Syntax

[--if-exists] [--columns=column[,column]...] list table [record]...

Lists the data in each specified record. If no records are specified, lists all the records in table.

If --columns is specified, only the requested columns are listed, in the specified order. Otherwise, all columns are listed, in alphabetical order by column name.

Without --if-exists, it is an error if any specified record does not exist. With --if-exists, the command ignores any record that does not exist, without producing any output.

[--columns=column[,column]...] find table [column[:key]=value]...

Lists the data in each record in table whose column equals value or, if key is specified, whose column contains a key with the specified value. The following operators may be used where = is written in the syntax summary:
= != < > <= >=

Selects records in which column[:key] equals, does not equal, is less than, is greater than, is less than or equal to, or is greater than or equal to value, respectively.

Consider column[:key] and value as sets of elements. Identical sets are considered equal. Otherwise, if the sets have different numbers of elements, then the set with more elements is considered to be larger. Otherwise, consider a element from each set pairwise, in increasing order within each set. The first pair that differs determines the result. (For a column that contains key-value pairs, first all the keys are compared, and values are considered only if the two sets contain identical keys.)

{=} {!=}

Test for set equality or inequality, respectively.

{>=} {>}

Same as {<=} and {<}, respectively, except that the relationship is reversed. For example, flood-vlans{>=}1,2 selects records in which the flood-vlans column contains both 1 and 2.

The following operators are available only in Open vSwitch 2.16 and later:

{not-in}

Selects records in which every element in column[:key] is not in value.

For arithmetic operators (= != < > <= >=), when key is specified but a particular record’s column does not contain key, the record is always omitted from the results. Thus, the condition other-config:mtu!=1500 matches records that have a mtu key whose value is not 1500, but not those that lack an mtu key.

For the set operators, when key is specified but a particular record’s column does not contain key, the comparison is done against an empty set. Thus, the condition other-config:mtu{!=}1500 matches records that have a mtu key whose value is not 1500 and those that lack an mtu key.

Don’t forget to escape < or > from interpretation by the shell.

If --columns is specified, only the requested columns are listed, in the specified order. Otherwise all columns are listed, in alphabetical order by column name.

The UUIDs shown for rows created in the same vtep-ctl invocation will be wrong.

[--if-exists] [--id=@name] get table record [column[:key]]...

Prints the value of each specified column in the given record in table. For map columns, a key may optionally be specified, in which case the value associated with key in the column is printed, instead of the entire map.

Without --if-exists, it is an error if record does not exist or key is specified, if key does not exist in record. With --if-exists, a missing record yields no output and a missing key prints a blank line.

If @name is specified, then the UUID for record may be referred to by that name later in the same vtep-ctl invocation in contexts where a UUID is expected.

Both --id and the column arguments are optional, but usually at least one or the other should be specified. If both are omitted, then get has no effect except to verify that record exists in table.

--id and --if-exists cannot be used together.

[--if-exists] set table record column[:key]=value...

Sets the value of each specified column in the given record in table to value. For map columns, a key may optionally be specified, in which case the value associated with key in that column is changed (or added, if none exists), instead of the entire map.

Without --if-exists, it is an error if record does not exist. With --if-exists, this command does nothing if record does not exist.

[--if-exists] add table record column [key=]value...

Adds the specified value or key-value pair to column in record in table. If column is a map, then key is required, otherwise it is prohibited. If key already exists in a map column, then the current value is not replaced (use the set command to replace an existing value).

Without --if-exists, it is an error if record does not exist. With --if-exists, this command does nothing if record does not exist.

[--if-exists] remove table record column value...
[--if-exists] remove table record column key...
[--if-exists] remove table record column key=value...

Removes the specified values or key-value pairs from column in record in table. The first form applies to columns that are not maps: each specified value is removed from the column. The second and third forms apply to map columns: if only a key is specified, then any key-value pair with the given key is removed, regardless of its value; if a value is given then a pair is removed only if both key and value match.

It is not an error if the column does not contain the specified key or value or pair.

Without --if-exists, it is an error if record does not exist. With --if-exists, this command does nothing if record does not exist.

[--if-exists] clear table record column...

Sets each column in record in table to the empty set or empty map, as appropriate. This command applies only to columns that are allowed to be empty.

Without --if-exists, it is an error if record does not exist. With --if-exists, this command does nothing if record does not exist.

[--id=(@name | uuid] create table column[:key]=value...

Creates a new record in table and sets the initial values of each column. Columns not explicitly set will receive their default values. Outputs the UUID of the new row.

If @name is specified, then the UUID for the new row may be referred to by that name elsewhere in the same vtep-ctl invocation in contexts where a UUID is expected. Such references may precede or follow the create command.

If a valid uuid is specified, then it is used as the UUID of the new row.
Caution (ovs-vsctl as example)

Records in the Open vSwitch database are significant only when they can be reached directly or indirectly from the Open_vSwitch table. Except for records in the QoS or Queue tables, records that are not reachable from the Open_vSwitch table are automatically deleted from the database. This deletion happens immediately, without waiting for additional ovs-vsctl commands or other database activity. Thus, a create command must generally be accompanied by additional commands within the same ovs-vsctl invocation to add a chain of references to the newly created record from the top-level Open_vSwitch record. The EXAMPLES section gives some examples that show how to do this.

[--if-exists] destroy table record...

Deletes each specified record from table. Unless --if-exists is specified, each records must exist.

--all destroy table

Deletes all records from the table.
Caution (ovs-vsctl as example)

The destroy command is only useful for records in the QoS or Queue tables. Records in other tables are automatically deleted from the database when they become unreachable from the Open_vSwitch table. This means that deleting the last reference to a record is sufficient for deleting the record itself. For records in these tables, destroy is silently ignored. See the EXAMPLES section below for more information.

wait-until table record [column[:key]=value]...

Waits until table contains a record named record whose column equals value or, if key is specified, whose column contains a key with the specified value. This command supports the same operators and semantics described for the find command above.

If no column[:key]=value arguments are given, this command waits only until record exists. If more than one such argument is given, the command waits until all of them are satisfied.
Caution (ovs-vsctl as example)

Usually wait-until should be placed at the beginning of a set of ovs-vsctl commands. For example, wait-until bridge br0 -- get bridge br0 datapath_id waits until a bridge named br0 is created, then prints its datapath_id column, whereas get bridge br0 datapath_id -- wait-until bridge br0 will abort if no bridge named br0 exists when ovs-vsctl initially connects to the database.

Consider specifying --timeout=0 along with --wait-until, to prevent vtep-ctl from terminating after waiting only at most 5 seconds.

comment [arg]...

This command has no effect on behavior, but any database log record created by the command will include the command and its arguments.

EXIT STATUS

SEE ALSO

ovsdb-server(1), vtep(5).