shadow(5) shadow(5) shadow - shadow . : +o +o +o , 1 1970 +o , +o , +o , , +o , +o , 1 1970 , +o . 13 24 64 a z, A Z, 0 9, \. /. "$". , ( DES) . , "$1$", , MD5. crypt(3). , crypt(3), ! *, unix pam(7). , 1 1970 . , . , . , . , . , /etc/passwd. , . /etc/passwd /etc/shadow chage(1), login(1), su(1), passwd(1), passwd(5), pwconv(8), pwunconv(8), sulogin(8). 06/24/2006 shadow(5)