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CHGRP(1)                                                              CHGRP(1)

chmod -

chmod []  ...
        POSIX: [-R] [--]

             GNU: [--reference=rfile]

        GNU ( ): [-cfvR] [--help] [--version] [--]


chmod
           , ,
              ,
        ,      .

          :
       `[ugoa...][[+-=][rwxXstugo...]...][,...]'.

         -- ,  .
          `ugoa',   ,
          : ,   (u);
           (g);  ,
         (o)     (a).  `a'
        `ugo'.       ,
          `a',  , umask,
         .

        `+'
        ; `-'   ;  `='
          .

        `rwxXstugo'      ,
           `ugoa':  (r);  (w); (   ) (x); ,
              -  (X); setuid-  setgid- (s); sticky- (t); ,   ,    (u);
             ,
         (g);  ,     ( ) (o).  (, `chmod g-s file' set-group-ID (sgid), `chmod
       ug+s file'   suid sgid,     `chmod o+s file'   ).

       `sticky-'    POSIX.
        -  ,   :
            .
        sticky-  ,   ,

          ).

                (
        ),      4, 2  1.
           .
           (setuid) (4)
         (setgid) (2)  sticky- (1).
           ,   : (4),  (2)   (1);
         ,    ,    ,
           ;
         (    ),

       chmod
             ,

       chmod.
          ,
            . ,
         ,    , chmod
             .  chmod
         ,
        .

 POSIX
       -R             .

  GNU-
        GNU (  fileutils 4.0) --reference=rfile
             , rfile.

       --       .

 GNU
       -c, --changes

              ,
                 .

       -f, --silent, --quiet
                    ,      .

       -v, --verbose

              .

       -R, --recursive
                      .

  GNU
       --help        .

       --version
                       .

       --          .

      LANG, LC_ALL,
       LC_CTYPE  LC_MESSAGES.   ,   XSI,
          NLSPATH.


       POSIX 1003.2    -R.
          .   POSIX    `t'.
            ,   chmod
           ,
         suid  sgid,  , , ,    ,    chmod
           `s'.


            `t'  .
              ,
          .  , ,  Linux,
         System  V  (.  System  V  Interface  Definition  (SVID)  Version  3),
       setgid,
        , mandatory (),     advisory ().

       /usr/src/linux/Documentation/mandatory.txt.


chmod,
           fileutils-4.0;
        .  aeb [AT] cwi.nl.  fileutils-bugs [AT] gnu.edu.


       chattr(1), chown(1), install(1), chmod(2), stat(2), umask(2)

     <corochoone [AT] perm.ru> 2003
GNU fileutils 4.0                   2000-08                           CHGRP(1)

    
    
    
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